Operating Principle
2–4 min read
Once the highest-status person voices an opinion, dissent quietly vanishes. Leaders who want real knowledge need to speak last.
Operating Question
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Why It Matters
Speaking last or collecting views privately preserves the independence that makes group judgment valuable.
Supporting Evidence
Solomon Asch conformity experiments. Cass Sunstein and Reid Hastie, “Wiser”.
Research Notes
Use this insight as an operating heuristic: consider context, consequences, and the limits of the underlying evidence.
Practical Actions
State your view early and you’ll get agreement instead of information. Speaking last or collecting views privately preserves the independence that makes group judgment valuable.